Gunshot Wounds To The Head: Gang- And Non-Gang-Related Injuries And Outcomes

Abstract

This study examined the differences between gang and non-gang-related incidents of penetrative missile injuries in terms of demographics, motivation, intra-cranial pathology, transit time, injury time and clinical outcome. Retrospective and prospective chart review. Between 1985-1992, 349 patients with penetrating missile injuries to the brain presenting to LAC-USC were studied. Inclusion criteria were implemented to keep the cohort as homogenous as possible. Patients excluded were those with multiple gunshot wounds, non-penetrating gunshot wounds to the head, systemic injuries and cases in which the motivation for the incident was unknown. Gang-related shooting slightly out-numbered non-gang-related incidents. Demographic analysis showed both a male and Hispanic predominance for both gang- and non-gang-related victims and significant differences in gender, race and age. Occipital entrance sites were more common in the gang-related vs temporal entrance sites in the non-gang-related. Mean transit time to the emergency department for gangssed Nov 25 2018]....

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Language And Thinking In Psychosis. Is There An Input Abnormality?

Abstract

We studied "formal thought disorder" in schizophrenics, schizoaffectives, and manics by examining syntax processing and perception of meaning, using the "embedded click" and "memory for gist tasks," two paradigms that were developed by psycholinguists. To control for generalized performance deficits, a matched-task design was used. Contrary to expectation, patients did worse on a matched memory for digits task than on sentence processing. At a six-month follow-up examination, schizophrenics' performance did not improve while other patients' did. We concluded that psychotic patients have no specific language perception deficit but do have a short-term memory deficit. This deficit tends to remit for manics and schizoaffectives, but not for schizophrenics...

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Retaliatory Homicide: Concentrated Disadvantage and Neighborhood Culture

Much of the research on violent crime is situated within an exclusively structural or subcultural frame-work. Some recent work, however, argues that these unidimensional approaches are inherently limited and thatmore attention needs to be given to the intersection of structural and cultural determinants of violence. Thepresent study takes up this challenge by examining both structural and cultural in uences on one underexam-ined type of homicide: retaliatory killings. Using quantitative data to examine the socioeconomic correlates andecological distribution of homicide in St. Louis, Missouri, and narrative accounts of homicide incidents, we Ž ndthat a certain type of homicide (what we call “ cultural retaliatory homicide” ) is more common in some neigh-borhoods than in others due to the combined effects of economic disadvantage, neighborhood cultural responsesto disadvantage, and problematic policing. Problems confronting residents of these communities are oftenresolved informally— without calling the police—and neighborhood cultural codes support this type of...

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Violent Victimization in the Prison Context An Examination of the Gendered Contexts of Prison

Abstract

Currently there are few published, multilevel studies of physical assault victimization of prisoners. This study builds on the extant research by utilizing a nationally representative sample of correctional facilities (n = 326) and inmates (n = 17,640) to examine the impacts of a large set of theoretically and empirically derived individual- and contextual-level variables on prison victimization, including how the gendered context of prison impacts victimization. Results support the lifestyles/routine activities approach. Inmates who were charged with a violent offense, were previously victimized, were smaller in size, were not married, were without a work assignment, misbehaved, did not participate in programs, used alcohol or drugs, and those who had a depression or personality disorder were more likely to be victimized. In addition, the data suggest that 8% of the variance in victimization is due to the prison context. Prisons with high proportions of violent offenders, males, inmates from...

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PREA / Offender Sexual Abuse

The Act applies to all public and private institutions that house adult or juvenile offenders and is also relevant to community-based agencies. It addresses both inmate-on-inmate sexual abuse and staff sexual misconduct. On June 23, 2009, the National Prison Rape Elimination Commission released and forwarded to the U.S. Attorney General its final report and proposed standards to prevent, detect, respond to and monitor sexual abuse of incarcerated and detained individuals. Based on the Attorney General's independent judgment, a final rule was published to the Federal Register on June 20, 2012. Links to the Federal Register, the Commission report and executive summary, the final standards, and other relevant documents are provided in the "Related Web Sites" sidebar to the left....

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Katia JULIAN, Plaintiff and Appellant, v. MISSION COMMUNITY HOSPITAL et al., Defendants and Respondents.

Synopsis

Background: Teacher brought action against school district, district's police department, five individual police officers, a hospital, its owner, and the physician who treated teacher after the officers transported her to the hospital, alleging violations of the Lanterman-PetrisShort (LPS) Act, section 1983, and the Tom Bane Civil Rights Act. The Superior Court, Los Angeles County, No. LC100529, Frank J. Johnson, J., sustained demurrers without leave to amend. Teacher appealed.

Holdings: The Court of Appeal, Segal, J., held that: [1] there was no private right of action for the alleged violations of the LPS Act; [2] police sergeant had probable cause to detain teacher under Fourth Amendment; [3] district and police department were immune from liability for any violation of the state constitution's protection against unreasonable searches and seizures;

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Witkin 6. [§ 291] Other Kinds of Simple Kidnaping and Related Offenses.

(1) Other Kinds of Simple Kidnaping. Additional provisions of P.C. 207 cover one who does the following: (a) To commit an act defined in P.C. 288 (lewd acts with children under age 14, 2 Cal. Crim. Law (4th), Sex Offenses and Crimes Against Decency, § 41 et seq.), “hires, persuades, entices, decoys, or seduces” using false promises, misrepresentations, or similar means, a child under age 14 to leave the county or a part of the county, the state, or the country. (P.C. 207(b); see CALCRIM, No. 1200 [Kidnapping: For Child Molestation]; CALJIC, No. 9.51 [kidnaping for child molestation].) (b) By force or fear “takes or holds, detains, or arrests” a person, designing to remove the person from the state without having established a claim under federal or state law. (P.C. 207(c).) (c) From outside the state “abducts or takes by force or fraud” a person, against the law of the place where the act...

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Representing Clients Held Against Their Will In Mental Hospitals

An attorney can make a difference in the life of a client under an involuntary hold In California, the mentally ill may be held for a limited period of time for treatment against their will if their mental illness causes them to be dangerous to themselves or others or leaves them “gravely disabled.” The Lanterman Petris Short Act, codified at Welfare and Institutions Code Sections 5100 et seq., permits the police to arrest, and doctors to confine, a person against his or her will for treatment of a mental disorder. One of the purposes of the act is to prevent the indefinite involuntary commitment of mentally disordered persons. Forced confinement in a mental institution is a denial of the fundamental right of clients to physical liberty, something that is guaranteed to all citizens of the United States. As the U.S. Supreme Court reasoned in its opinion in O'Connor..

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Richard Carden, Plaintiff, v. Carolyn W. Colvin, Acting Commissioner Of Social Security, Defendant.

MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER OF REMAND

Pursuant to sentence four of 42 U.S.C. section 405(g), IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that Plaintiff's and Defendant's motions for summary judgment are denied and this matter is remanded for further administrative action consistent with this Opinion

PROCEEDINGS

Plaintiff filed a complaint on June 5, 2013, seeking review of the Commissioner's denial of disability benefits. The parties filed a consent to proceed before a United States Magistrate Judge on July 11, 2013. Plaintiff filed a motion for summary judgment on January 14, 2014. Defendant filed a motion for summary judgment on February 13, 2014. Plaintiff filed a Reply on February 28, 2014. The Court has taken the motions under submission without oral argument. See L.R. 7-15; Minute Order, filed June 17, 2013

BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY OF ADMINISTRATIVE DECISION

Plaintiff asserts disability since June 8, 1996, based primarily on alleged mental problems...

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U.S.C.A. Const. Amend. XIV, § 1-Due Proc Section 1. Due process of law

Civil Rights Acts, construction with federal laws

Law of case doctrine did not prevent district court from reconsidering previous denial of qualified immunity to § 1983 defendants in action brought by hazardous waste disposal contractor alleging due process violation in connection with 26-month suspension of contractor's ability to contract with state, as issue addressed was different from issue previously addressed; in prior denial of qualified immunity, issue was right to prompt postdeprivation hearing when right to dobusiness with state had been suspended by state without predeprivation hearing, whereas instant issue was whether contractor's admitted failure to request hearing waived right to hearing or consequence of some state action or inaction amounting to constitutional deprivation. Waste Conversion, Inc. v. Sims, D.N.J.1994, 868 F.Supp. 643. Courts 99(6)

---- Fourth Amendment, construction with other constitutional provisions Arrestee who died in police custody was not a “person at liberty,” but a pretrial...

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Super Controllers And Crime Prevention: A Routine Activity Explanation Of Crime Prevention Success And Failure

Abstract

Why does crime prevention fail? And under what conditions does it succeed? Routine Activity Theory provides the foundation for understanding crime and its patterns by focusing on variations in the convergence of offenders, targets and controllers in space and time. But Routine Activity Theory does not provide a full understanding of why the controllers may be absent or ineffective. This article expands Routine Activity Theory to explain controllers. It claims that the behaviors of controllers can be understood in the context of their relationship with super controllers – those who regulate controllers’ incentives to prevent crime. The article lists and describes types of super controllers. Drawing on a rational choice perspective and Situational Crime Prevention, the article examines the methods super controllers use to regulate the conduct of controllers. Examples are used throughout to illustrate specific points and to show the...

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JERDEN v. AMSTUTZ

In June 2000, Mr. Jerden was referred to Dr. Amstutz, who was called upon to evaluate an unknown illness. After examining MRI reports of Mr. Jerden, Dr. Amstutz made a diagnosis that Mr. Jerden had a brain tumor and recommended a craniotomy. On July 10, 2000, Dr. Amstutz performed a craniotomy on Mr. Jerden, who was thereafter correctly diagnosed with multiple sclerosis based on pathology analysis of the brain tissue removed during the operation.

Plaintiffs, in their action for medical negligence, asserted that a less invasive biopsy would have had fewer physical implications and would have allowed a greater possibility of recovery from the effects of the plaques formed in the brain by the demyelination associated with multiple sclerosis. Plaintiffs alleged that Defendant failed to review adequately the diagnostic MRI reports, radiology reports, and Mr. Jerden's medical history and symptoms, which indicated signs of...

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Abuse in Mental Hospitals in the 1950

Mental health care in the 1950's was characterized by extreme overcrowding in the hospitals/asylums. This lead to the development and/or overuse of extreme forms of treatment such as the lobotomy, insulin shock and electroshock therapy. The development of psychotropic drugs lead to the elimination or very limited use of these invasive treatments and allowed outpatient care to relieve the overcrowding. Insulin shock therapy...

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Nicholas v. Jacobson, 113 Cal.App. 382 (1931) Negative Treatment

Opinion

NOURSE, P.J

.Plaintiff sued for damages for alleged malpractice. At the close of plaintiff's case the trial court granted defendant's motion for non suit. The plaintiff has appealed on a bill of exceptions.

This is the third trial of this cause. The first resulted in a verdict for plaintiff, which was reversed by the Supreme Court on the grounds of insufficient evidence. Nicholasv. Jacobson, 205 Cal. 577, 271 P. 1057. The second trial terminated through the disagreement of the jury.

Plaintiff consulted Dr. L.P. Gilbert for medical attention to a condition resulting from varicose veins. He had previously been operated on by Dr. Ottinger for the same condition, but insisted that the operation had been unskillfully performed and had demanded money damages from Dr. Vecki, under whose direction the Ottinger operation had been performed. Dr. Gilbert took plaintiff to Dr. Jacobson, the defendant, who examined plaintiff and advised an operation. Some few months later plaintiff returned to defendant, submitted to a further examination, ...

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Foy v. Greenblott, 141 Cal.App.3d 1 (1983) Negative Treatment

Plaintiff mother, an adjudicated incompetent, and her minor son, who was conceived and born in mental health facility, sued the facility, attending and treating physicians there at and mother's public guardian seeking damages on theory that birth was due to defendants' negligence.The Superior Court, Santa Clara County, Bruce F. Allen,J., entered judgment on demurrer dismissing action,and mother and child appealed. The Court of Appeal,Christian, J., held that: (1) the county, as guardian, could not be held liable for alleged negligence in selection of licensed private mental health facility or for failing to monitor mother's care and supervision thereat; (2) no recovery could be had for deprivation of a normal parent-child relationship; (3) facility and physicians thereat could not be held liable on theory that a woman adjudicated incompetent should not be permitted to bear a child; (4)allegations that physicians failed to make contraceptive counseling and medication available stated claim for relief...

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Shoffman V. Tonnemacher

FACTUAL BACKGROUND

On May 22, 2003, Hoffman presented to the Emergency Medical Department at MMC and was examined and treated by Dr. Tonnemacher, a board certified emergency department physician.2 Defendant's Undisputed Material Fact ("DUMF") No. 1. Hoffman had a fever of 102.3°, a pulse of 126, respiration of 24, a blood pressure of 159/87, and it was reported that Hoffman had a temperature of 106° when she was with the ambulance crew shortly before admission. Plaintiffs Opposition to Undisputed Facts (hereinafter "PODUMF") at p. 6; Tonnemacher Declaration Exhibit A.3 Hoffman was noted to have a medical history of hypertension, hypothyroidism, Hodgkin's lymphoma, a prior splenectomy, and a heart murmur at the time of her admission. Id.; Tonnemacher Declaration at ¶ 4. The medical records indicate that Hoffman's chief complaints were chills with hyperventilation, nasal congestion, cough, chest pain, and numbness in her hands.4 PODUMF at p. 6; Tonnemacher Declaration at ¶ 4 & Exhibit A....

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