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Domestic Violence

Assessing the Offending Activity of Criminal Domestic Violence Suspects: Offense Specialization Escalation and De-Escalation Evidence from the…

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PROPOSAL ABSTRACT

Research Goals and Objectives:

Two key dimensions of the criminal career paradigm include specialization and escalation. Although these topics have generated theoretical and empirical debate in the criminal careers area, this line of research has not been integrated into the study of domestic violence, and remains limited in several ways. In this project, we build upon these limitations and explore, using both official records and victim interviews, issues related to specialization and escalation using data from the Spouse Abuse Replication Program (SARP). Specifically, we examine (1) the extent to which offenders participating in the SARP exhibit a specialized proclivity to violence; and (2) tendencies of these individuals to escalate or de-escalate the severity of their attacks against the same victim.

Results

First, regarding the extent to which criminal domestic violence offenders specialize in violent offending, our analysis reveals that the majority of domestic violence offenders with prior official criminal records have been involved in non-violent forms of

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Prosecution Strategies in Domestic Violence

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1. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

1.1 Background and Purpose

The criminal justice system has only recently begun to respond to domestic violence as a public offense. Under common law, a man could lawfully beat his wife because he was legally responsible for her actions and therefore could “correct” her behavior through chastisement.’ Although wife beating was declared illegal in all states in 1920; domestic violence was largely ignored. Domestic violence historically has been viewed as a family matter, out of the purview of the criminal justice system. It was dealt with primarily through attempts at mediation or reconciliation, rather than through punishment. Attention to battered women in the U.S. did not become widespread until 1975 and early 1976, with the beginning of the Battered Womenk Movement? The roots of the movement saw the establishment of the first shelters for battered women in St. Paul, Minnesota and Boston, Massachusetts. Since that time, services for battered women have expanded through the establishment of additional suppor

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Neighborhood Characteristics as Predictors of Male to Female and Female to Male Partner Violence

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Abstract:   This article examines the association between neighborhood characteristics at the census tract—level, couples’ perceived neighborhood social cohesion and informal social control, and male-to-female (MFPV) and female-to-male (FMPV) partner violence in the United States. Data come from a second wave of interviews (2000) with a national sample of couples 18 years of age and older who were first interviewed in 1995. The path analysis shows that poverty is associated with perceived social cohesion and perceived social control as hypothesized. However, there is no significant mediation effect for social control or social cohesion on any type of violence. In the path analysis, Black ethnicity is associated with social cohesion, which is associated with MFPV. Intimate partner violence (IPV), as a form of domestic violence, may not be as concentrated in high-poverty neighborhoods as criminal violence. IPV may be more determined by personal and dyadic characteristics than criminal violence. (Published Abstract)...

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Domestic Violence During Pregnancy. The Prevalence Of Physical Injuries, Substance Use, Abortions And Miscarriages.

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of physical injuries, alcohol and tobacco use, abortions and miscarriages due to domestic violence during pregnancy and to compare socio-economic background factors between abused and non abused women.

METHOD: Personal interview combined with a standardized questionnaire involving 207 pregnant Swedish born women married to or cohabiting with Swedish born men. The women were consecutively chosen from three different antenatal clinics in Göteborg, Sweden.

RESULTS: Overall 30 women were abused during the current pregnancy as defined from the category 'symbolic violence' in the Severity of Violence Against Women Scale (SVAW). The most frequent targets for physical abuse were: the upper arm, the forearm, and the face and neck region. Ninety-five percent of women abused during pregnancy had been abused prior to the pregnancy. Notable was the finding that 4.3% of the pregnant women had been exposed to serious violencee...

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