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Prevalence Of Hepatitis C Virus Infection Among Female Prostitutes In Fukuoka, Japan.

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Abstract

To assess the risk of sexual transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV), we surveyed female prostitutes to determine the prevalence of antibody to HCV (anti-HCV) and HCV RNA. Anti-HCV was examined with a second generation anti-HCV test employing a passive hemagglutination assay. HCV RNA was detected by two-stage polymerase chain reaction with primers deduced from the 5'-noncoding region of the HCV genome. All studies were performed in Fukuoka, Japan, from 1989 through 1992 and all subjects were Japanese and had no history of intravenous drug abuse. The prevalence of anti-HCV was significantly higher in the prostitutes (10.1%; 61/604) than in the controls (female blood donors; 0.8%; 52/6632) (P < 0.001). HCV RNA was found in 73.2% of the anti-HCV-positive prostitutes. The prevalence of anti-HCV among prostitutes increased with the number of years spent in prostitution (P < 0.05). Prostitutes with a history of syphilis had a higher prevalence of anti-HCV than those with no history of syphilis, irrespective of the number of years in...

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Family Affiliation and Prostitution in a Cultural Context: Career Onsets of Taiwanese Prostitutes

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Abstract

American researchers emphasize family disaffiliation resulting from negative experiences as an important career contingency for prostitutes. They suggest that cohesive families insulate daughters from entering prostitution, an implication that ignores cultural variations within the United States and worldwide. This study examined the nature of family affiliations among prostitutes in Taiwan, a nation characterized by strong family cohesion and widespread prostitution. The traditional status and role of daughters in Taiwanese families is described. A sample of 89 prostitutes were interviewed in Taipei. The majority had good or very good relationships with their parents before the women left home and continued to maintain such relationships. Only 10% mentioned negative family experiences as precipitating factors in the decision to enter prostitution. A typology of career onsets was drafted. About one third of the sample entered the occupation out of a sense of filial obligation toward their families of origin. Other precipitating factors included paying off their own or husbands' debts, upgrading their financial status, deriving other satisfactions

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Dealing With The Phenomenological Interview With Prostitutes: Experience Report

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ABSTRACT

This article aims at describing our experience in obtaining statements using the phenomenological interview. Eleven prostitutes were interviewed in Teresina, PI. Along this journey we have had several remarkable moments such as: the strategy of approaching the interviewee, the site of the interviews and the own emotional narration of the prostitutes. This process has showed us that one needs to be familiar and empathic with the research subjects. We have also learned that there is not a specific formula of conducting the interview, but it is the role of the researcher to identify the difficulties and propose strategies to obtain the statements. Thus, the empathic relationship that we have experienced in obtaining the statements from these women through the phenomenological interview was essential to understand the contact with violence throughout the prostitution daily life.

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Prostitutes as Victims of Serial Homicide: Trends and Case Characteristics, 1970-2009

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Abstract

This work includes a count of solved serial murder cases in the United States from 1970 to 2009. The number of serial murder cases has declined; the likelihood that a victim is a female has increased somewhat and although the numbers of all types of serial murder victims has declined, when a case occurs, victims are increasingly likely to be prostitutes, particularly female prostitutes. U.S. serial murder cases with prostitute victims accounted for 32% of all U.S. serial murder cases involving female victims only, 1970-2009. However, the proportion of solved cases involving female prostitute victims only increased across the study period from 16% during 1970-1979 to a high of 69% during 2000-2009. Prostitute killers amass a greater average number of victims than do nonprostitute killers and when analyzed by decade, those who kill primarily prostitutes, kill for slightly longer periods of time. The implications of findings for prevention and investigation efforts are discussed.

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Analysis of Street-Based Prostitution in New York City

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Introduction

Police and prostitutes engage in a cat-and-mouse dynamic, in which the police seek to control the activities of prostitutes, and prostitutes respond by trying to avoid them. This report examines the impact of law enforcement approaches to street-based sex work in New York City and proposes a series of policy and practice recommendations for reform based on the researchers’ analyses of the data collected. This report also seeks to promote reasoned, fact-based, and informed debate regarding street-based prostitution in New York City. Public discussion of this issue usually occurs in flashy headlines that are meant to titillate rather than to explore the consequences of policy decisions in depth. This is a special effort to give voice to the problems faced by street-based sex workers, using their own words, since this is a voice that is almost always left out of policy debates. We propose recommendations based on programmatic possibilities that can create effective solutions for this population and the broader community.The researchers focused on...

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An Empirical Analysis of Street-Level Prostitution

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Abstract

Combining transaction-level data on street prostitutes with ethnographic observation and official police force data, we analyze the economics of prostitution in Chicago. Prostitution, because it is a market, is much more geographically concentrated than other criminal activity. Street prostitutes earn roughly $25-$30 per hour, roughly four times their hourly wage in other activities, but this higher wage represents relatively meager compensation for the significant risk they bear. Prostitution activities are organized very differently across neighborhoods. Where pimps are active, prostitutes appear to do better, with pimps both providing protection and paying efficiency wages. Condoms are used only one-fourth of the time and the price premium for unprotected sex is small. The supply of prostitutes is relatively elastic, as evidenced by the supply response to a 4th of July demand shock. Although technically illegal, punishments are minimal for prostitutes and johns. A prostitute is more likely to have sex with a police officer than to get officially arrested by one. We estimate...

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Pimp-Controlled Prostitution

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A pimp is one who controls the actions and lives off the proceeds of one or more women who work the streets. Pimps call themselves “players” and call their profession “the game.” The context in which this subculture existsis called “the life” (Milner & Milner, 1972). Social scientists of the 1960s and 1970s devoted a significant amount of research energies toward exposing and understanding pimp-controlled prostitution within street-level prostitution (Goines, 1972; Heard, 1968; Milner & Milner, 1972; Slim, 1967, 1969). Street-level prostitution entails sexual acts for money or for barter that occur on and off the streets and include sexual activities in cars and motels, as dancers in gentlemen’s clubs, massage parlor work, truck stops, and crack house work (Williamson, 2000). It represents that segment of the prostitution industry where there is the most violence. Current prostitution-related research on women focuses heavily on the independent woman’s involvement in prostitution (Alexander, 1987; McKeganey & Barnard, 1996; Miller, 1995; Scambler & Scambler, 1997). Parallel to this undertaking isa body of works devoted more specifically to the prostitute’s present involvement with crack cocaine...

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COPS | Street Level Prostitution

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Street Prostitutes' Clients

Prostitution clients, typically referred to as "johns" or "tricks," are attracted to the illicit nature of the encounter, desire varieties of sex that regular partners do not provide, view sex as merely a commodity, and/or lack interest in or access to conventional relationships. Clients' decision to solicit a prostitute is influenced by the availability of prostitutes, knowledge of where to find them, access to money, perceived risk of getting caught or contracting disease, and ease of securing services. Clients gather such information in a variety of ways: from trial and error; from personal recommendations from others (including friends, bartenders, taxi drivers, and hotel workers); and, increasingly, from information posted on Internet websites. Somewhere around 10 to 20 percent of men admit they have paid for sex, but only about 1 percent pay for sex regularly. While this is still a large number of potential clients, it is considerably lower than some earlier estimates based on flawed research methods.

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Sexual Identities And Sex Work – Interrogating The Interface A Study On Constructed Identities Among Female Sex Workers In Kampala

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Introduction

We have arrived in the sexual tower of Babel where a world of past silences has to be breached. (Plummer 1996) This quote from the work of Plummer is very telling and gives scholars the energy to ask new questions about sexuality and what it means in the current discourse on gender and work. We recognize that sexuality as a subject of study in the social sciences has gained currency by moving the domain of knowledge production away from the psychologists and psychiatrists to the social sciences. For long, our knowledge on sexuality was anchored within the totalizing discourse of the “pure sciences” that suggests that sexuality was one thing to everyone in the world and was an aspect of our biology with an inherent energy that can be used to explain all behaviors of people. The heterosexual married couple was the right mode of living and any differences were deviations that had to be explained scientifically. ...

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The Psychopath As Pimp

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ABSTRACT

Although the study of psychopathy has become a significant area for research in recent years, relatively little attention has been paid to examining the role of psychopa-thy in offenders who live off the avails of prostitution (i.e., “pimps”). It may be argued that this dearth in the literature is surprising given that psychopathy is defined by a unique set of interpersonal and affective characteristics that theoretically should facilitate the business of pimping. As such, the present investigation attempted to profile characteristics of perpetrators who engage in pimping. As expected, psychopathy was an important feature of these perpetrators: over one-third of the 22 perpetrators examined met the diagnostic cut-off of 30 on the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised. To expand our understanding of pimps and their actions, other important perpetrator characteristics were also examined. The implications of these findings are discussed in relation to criminal justice factors

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The Relationship Between Dysfunctional Family And The Involvement Of Children In Prostitution

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Abstract

The involvement of children in prostitution is a well known phenomenon but not well understood. The aim ofthis study was to examine the involvement of children in prostitution. A total of 63 sexually exploited young women participated in this children >centered approach study. Both quantitative and qualitative methods wereused. Respondents’ age ranged from 13 to 18 years old. Nearly 89.0 percent of them were 16-18 years old.This study found that the youngest respondent first involvement in prostitution was nine years old. A majority 0 (! of them entered prostitution at the age of between 13 to17 years old and more than half were 15-16 years ofage. The average age of the respondents’ first involvement in prostitution was 15.1 years. Three main reasonsfor their involvement were boyfriends’ deceit, friends’ influence, and personal. The study provides a significant implication to social workers on how they...

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