July 2017 - Page 24 of 25 - searchfortruth.info

Scan Converters and Retrieving Digital CCTV Images

January 18, 2019July 4, 2017 by admin

1 INTRODUCTION
The use of digital technology within the security industry has revolutionised CCTV systems. Unfortunately, along with the undoubted benefits that this development has introduced, police video technicians needing to extract information from such systems have experienced fresh difficulties beyond those encountered with analogue systems. There is a hierarchy of preferred export methods currently employed by the police. At the top of this list is the removal of data in its original digital format via CD, DVD, hard disk drive, etc. However, the design of digital CCTV systems has often not fully taken account of their role in crime investigation. Consequently, when police video technicians attempt to retrieve evidential video in this form, they often find that it may not be possible to do so or that extraction in this manner is prohibitively time consuming. Many digital CCTV systems have a ‘Video Out’ connection available, allowing an analogue signal to be output and subsequently recorded. Police video practitioners will use this method...

Organ Trafficking: Legislative Proposals to Protect Minors

February 11, 2019July 4, 2017 by admin

INTRODUCTION

For the many afflicted with organ failure, organ substitution is often the only viable, life-saving option. As medical advances with antirejection drugs have yielded high success rates,' the demand for organ transplants has increased at a rate greatly exceeding supply? This void has spawned an international trade in adult organs to meet the excessive demand for organs and to bypass Western countries' laws prohibiting financial remuneration for organ donations.This documented trade in adult organs and the paucity of organs for medical transplants have fueled fears of a thriving criminal market in children's organs. Beginning in 1987, rumors of such a trade to North America, Europe, and Israel, have raged throughout Latin America.' These rumors remain unsubstantiated." Nonetheless, the fear runs rampant in Latin America. Angry and frightened Guatemalan crowds recently attacked American women, whom they suspected were involved in trafficking in children's organs.' These attacks on American citizens arguably damage the reputation of the United States,'3 decrease international adoptions,' and discourage organ donations.'"...

Mugshot Exposure Effects: Retroactive Interference, Mugshot Commitment, Source Confusion, and Unconscious Transference

January 18, 2019July 4, 2017 by admin

Abstract
More than 25 years of research has accumulated concerning the possible biasing effects of mugshot exposure to eyewitnesses. Two separate metaanalyses were conducted on 32 independent tests of the hypothesis that prior mugshot exposure decreases witness accuracy at a subsequent lineup. Mugshot exposure both significantly decreased proportion correct and increased the false alarm rate, the effect being greater on false alarms. A mugshot commitment effect, arising from the identification of someone in a mugshot, was a substantial moderator of both these effects. Simple retroactive interference, where the target person is not included among mugshots and no one in a mugshot is present in the subsequent lineup, did not significantly impair target identification. A third metaanalysis was conducted on 19 independent tests of the hypothesis that failure of memory for facial source or context results in transference errors. The effect size was more than twice as large for "transference" studies involving mugshot exposure in proximate temporal context with the target than for "bystander" studies with no subsequent mugshot exposure.

Lighting Hypertext of Disease

January 9, 2019July 4, 2017 by admin

Lightning Hypertext of Disease. The Lightning Hypertext of Disease. © 1991-1996, Pathology Informatics, Inc. Search date and time: Mon Nov 25 23:15:48 EST 1996 Input Search String: !semen! Search word semen: 12 hits. Combined (Boolean-and) Word-Count: 12 hits.

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* Information Screen: 1 for: semen ###3557 RAPE SPECIMEN INTERPRETATION: BLOOD GROUPS. Secretor versus non secretor. Peptidase A. Phosphoglucomutase. Glyoxalase 1. ABO blood type. If the assailant is a secretor, then he will secrete his blood group antigens into his semen. Approximately 80% of people are secretors, and this can be determined on a suspect by analysis of the saliva. key words: forensic, DF

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* Information Screen: 2 for: semen ###3558 RAPE SPECIMEN INTERPRETATION: ACID PHOSPHATASE AND P30. Endogenous vaginal acid phosphatase is present in low concentrations so high levels are proof of ejaculation. Acid phosphatase usually remains active for up to 12 hours after ejaculation. P30 is a glycoprotein that is semen-specific. key words: forensic, DF

Incapacitating Agents

January 9, 2019July 4, 2017 by admin

Introduction

As defined in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, to “incapacitate” means “to deprive of strength or ability.” The word is not synonymous with paralysis, confusion, or any other specific affliction. It is a general term, implying neither global inability to act nor any particular type of disability. For example, blurred near vision might be incapacitating for a computer programmer or air traffic controller but probably would not be incapacitating for a laborer or a football player. Consequently, when the word incapacitating is used, we should ask, “incapacitating for what activity?” Used in a military context, incapacitation is understood to mean inability to perform one’s military mission. Since missions vary, we could theoretically consider a particular agent to be incapacitating if it disrupts aspects of performance vital to a particular mission. Impaired hearing might incapacitate a translator, a severe tremor might incapacitate a sniper, and so forth. In this chapter, however, incapacitation means the inability to perform anymilitary task effectively and implies that the condition...

High-Conflict and Violent Parents in Family Court

January 18, 2019July 3, 2017 by admin

INTRODUCTION
DEVELOPMENT OF THE GUIDELINES
The following guidelines for the disposition of custody and visitation disputes where there has been domestic violence between parents were developed through a process of community involvement and dialogue among concerned professionals and administrators of public and private agencies. The goal of this process was (a) to review relevant research findings in order to specify the problems to be solved, (b) to develop consensus about the principles that should guide any intervention, (c) to propose specific strategies for resolving the problems, and (d) to discuss the pragmatics of instituting the proposed changes in court policies and procedures. As the guidelines were drafted, representatives from two domestic violence agencies within the two counties were the study reported in Section I was conducted were consulted regularly. These agencies were the Marin Abused Women’s Services and the San Mateo Battered Women’s Services. In addition, information about other states’ laws, policies, and procedures were obtained from Battered Women’s Coalitions in seven states (Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Minnesota,...

Family Secrets: Law and Understandings of Openness in Everyday Relationships

January 9, 2019July 3, 2017 by admin

Abstract

Uncovering old or historical family secrets has become an enjoyable pastime yet in contemporary families the keeping of secrets, especially those relating to reproduction and paternity, is seen increasingly as undesirable. This article explores these issues and the growing tendency for family law and policy to favour exposing genetic truths seeing this form of scientific veracity as crucial to child welfare and equality. The article explores the changing contexts of family secrets (using data drawn from the Mass Observation Archive) and seeks to locate these secrets in their cultural and historical context. An argument against imposing a simple solution (in the form of genetic truth) onto complex relationships is pursued.

Introduction

Uncovering family secrets has become a popular pastime. Not only do stories of revealed family secrets make good newspaper copy, but genealogical searches are often tinged with the prospective excitement of finding a family secret buried in the past. Stories of illegitimacy, bigamy and even criminality seem to become charming, as long as they...

Exploring the Drugs-Crime Connection within the Electronic Dance Music..

January 9, 2019July 3, 2017 by admin

ABSTRACT

This report explores how the cultural ethos, behavioral norms, activities, and individual and group identities (subcultural phenomena), inherent to the electronic dance music (EDMtrance, house, and techno music) and the hip hop/rap (HH) nightclub scenes in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania impact the relationship between alcohol, drugs, and crime, with additional attention to victimization (the ADC+V relationship). These two music scenes provide a major source of leisure and entertainment activity for many young adults today, yet the subcultures surrounding them are disparate and have been linked to diverse social problems, including alcohol and illegal drug abuse, criminal activity and victimization. This understudied, but increasingly popular social phenomenon has the potential to expand the scope of the drugs - crime debate to settings and populations not previously studied, and also to account for increasingly salient issues in contemporary society. We also elaborate on how the ADC+V relationship varies by two dimensions: the demographic make-up of participants (e.g., race/ethnicity and gender) and their involvement with and commitment to the subcultures...

Confusion

January 9, 2019July 3, 2017 by admin

Confusion is the inability to maintain a coherent stream of thought or action. Altered level of consciousness is common in confusional states and can be the predecessor of stupor and coma if the underlying cause is not found and reversed. Delirium refers to a confusional state caused by a medical condition. Patients with delirium present a unique challenge in acquiring a history, because the organ system required to report on symptoms, the central nervous system (CNS), is itself dysfunctional. For that reason, clinicians must obtain most of the historical information from caregivers and family members. Nonetheless, the history is crucial to determining the correct diagnosis. Often, delirium coexists with dementia. Demented patients are particularly vulnerable to lapse into confusion, a state termed “beclouded dementia.” Among patients who present to an emergency department with delirium, the diagnosis is overlooked in up to 40-60% of cases.Regardless of cause, delirium confers a worse prognosis with higher hospital readmission rates and 30-day mortality, especially if untreated...

Collective hallucinations and inefficient markets: The British Railway Mania of the 1840s

January 18, 2019July 3, 2017 by admin

Abstract. The British Railway Mania of the 1840s was by many measures the greatest technology mania in history, and its collapse was one of the greatest financial crashes. It has attracted surprisingly little scholarly interest. In particular, it has not been noted that it provides a convincing demonstration of market inefficiency. There were trustworthy quantitative measures to show investors (who included Charles Darwin, John Stuart Mill, and the Bront¨e sisters) that there would not be enough demand for railway transport to provide the expected revenues and profits. But the power of the revolutionary new technology, assisted by artful manipulation of public perception by interested parties, induced a collective hallucination that made investors ignore such considerations. They persisted in ignoring them for several years, until the lines were placed in service and the inevitable disaster struck. In contrast to many other bubbles, the British Railway Mania had many powerful, vocal, and insightful critics. But the most influential of them suffered from another delusion,...

Missing Children Case Management

November 9, 2018July 3, 2017 by admin

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Most children who are not where parents expect them to be, are "missing" for a very short period of time and reappear on their own, with no evidence of foul play. However, some children are missing against their will. The great majority of those children, even though they have undergone a traumatic experience, are not harmed seriously and are returned home alive. Many of them are taken by estranged parents or other family members. A small group is victimized by more predatory abductors, who want to make money by ransoming the child, to sexually molest the victim, andlor to kill the child. The list of children who are abducted and killed each year by someone who is not a family member is relatively small, compared to the number of missing children or to other types of child murder. Because of their rarity among criminal homicides their complexity, emotion and high...

Understanding the CCTV code of practice

January 18, 2019July 3, 2017 by admin

Research by Axis Communications has suggested that 82 per cent of small businesses that already have CCTV systems in place are planning to either upgrade or replace their existing systems.In fact, 39 per cent of the 500 UK-based small business owners surveyed are looking into putting their plans into action over the next two years – and 38 per cent said that they are motivated to take action after suffering either a break-in or theft at their premises.

James Lowman, the chief executive of the Association of Convenience Stores, commented: “Network cameras are a valuable tool for retailers, not just for reporting crimes when they happen but also to use as a preventative measure that discourages potential criminals.

“Our Local Shop Report shows that 78 per cent of convenience stores have surveillance cameras in their business, and we also expect this to grow over the next year as more stores invest in effective crime prevention measures.”

Research by Axis Communications has suggested that 82 per cent of small businesses

Analysis – Single Image Photogrrammetry

January 9, 2019July 3, 2017 by admin

INTRODUCTION TO SINGLE IMAGE PHOTOGRAMMETRY

Combining modern scene analysis with traditional geometry enables valuable information on sizes and distances to be obtained from video images. These techniques replace potentially misleading subjective interpretation with objective analysis. With practice and correct application, these techniques can be a powerful tool to assist police video technicians to extract the maximum amount of information from video evidence. Applying the principles of perspective geometry to an image to obtain dimensional information is termed photogrammetry. These principles have been known about for centuries and were first successfully applied by 15th Century Renaissance artists, such as Leonardo De Vinci, to ensure objects were realistically represented in their paintings. Photogrammetry became regarded as a respected scientific discipline a few centuries later with the analysis of aerial photographs first captured by Wilbur Wright.

ETIOLOGY

The cause of delirium differ for persons in the community and those hospitalized for a medical illness. In the hospital setting, delirium generally occurs in patients with predisposing... ..

A Little Nightclub Medicine: The Healthcare Implications Of Clubbing

January 9, 2019July 3, 2017 by admin

Introduction

Difficulties have been consistently identified in getting fair, balanced coverage of the hazards associated with clubbing. As the owner of the Sydney club ‘Sublime’ says: "One of the greatest anxieties that a club owner has, is of an ambulance outside the club". It is bad for business and potentially, if things go seriously wrong (as with ‘Sublime’) and they have deaths from drugs, they face the loss of their licence at the very least. In July 1999, for example, Cream nightclub in Liverpool eventually and inevitably had their first ‘ecstasy death’. Happily, perhaps because of Cream’s very forward and honest approach to the drugs issue and other issues in clubbing there were no more adverse stories in the local press. Clubbing has changed somewhat since the 1970s but some things do not change. It is basically about fun, and I'am convinced clubbing is essentially good for you and fun is good for you. Over the last ten years or so clubbing...

A Formal System For Understanding Lies And Deceit

January 9, 2019July 3, 2017 by admin

Abstract: Issues around lying and deception arise constantly in ethics and in the practice of conflict resolution, so it would be useful to have clear definitions of the different varieties. This paper starts with a system of Colombetti’s, a set of axioms that treat honest assertive communications using a small number of concepts, mostly intentions and beliefs. His approach is extended to allow for deception and lies, and related forms like insincere offers and requests, or false promises, tricks, manipulations, betrayals, halftruths, talking through one’s hat, and giving one’s word falsely. Some results are the distinction between lying intentionally and intending to lie, the definition of trickery versus deception in general, and a systematization of different kinds of promises and ways of performing them insincerely. The definitions are compared with a plentiful source of deceptions, the Book of Genesis

. 1. Introduction
What counts as a full-scale lie versus simply an evasion? Is a trick different from a betrayal, or a manipulation? These questions...

Travel-To-Crime: Homing In On The Victim

January 9, 2019July 3, 2017 by admin

Abstract

Environmental criminology focuses on the intersection in time and place of the offender and victim. Patterns of crime are generally explained in terms of the routine activities of the offender. His or her travel to crime distances are short and crimes are committed within the offender's ‘awareness space’. It has generally been theorised that victims also have short journeys to crime, associated with their routine behaviour. This review, however, suggests that occupancy of ‘unawareness space’, where people are away from familiar surroundings, may confer heightened risk. This is supported in research in the special case of crime and tourism, though other travelling victim patterns have been largely ignored. This paper postulates that crime risk increases at the intersection of offender awareness and victim unawareness spaces. The 2002–3 British Crime Survey provides some suggestive evidence on this. Its analysis reveals that 26.9% of self-reported victimisation occurs more than 15 minutes...